Olyvinyl chloride, izwi cyane ku izina rya PVC, ni iya gatatu ikwirakwizwa cyane na polymer synthique, nyuma ya polyethylene na polypropilene.PVC ni igice cyurunigi rwa vinyls, nacyo kigizwe na EDC na VCM.PVC resin amanota arashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bukomeye kandi bworoshye;gukomera ni buri gihe byiganjemo abaguzi, ariko mubice byombi byegeranye.Umubare munini wa PVC ukoreshwa cyane mu nganda zubaka mu miyoboro n’ibikoresho nka pipe-imyanda-umuyaga (DWV) umuyoboro, umwanda, umuyoboro w’amazi, umuyoboro (amashanyarazi, itumanaho), hamwe n’umuyoboro wo kuhira.Impamyabumenyi zikomeye za PVC nazo ziri mu nyubako n’amasoko yimiturire kubisabwa nkurugi, amakadiri yidirishya, uruzitiro, igorofa, amabati meza ya vinyl.Ingano ntoya cyane ya PVC ikozwe mumacupa, ibindi bipfunyika ibiryo, hamwe namakarita yinguzanyo.PVC resin irashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa byoroshye hiyongereyeho plastike.Muri ubu buryo, burakoreshwa kandi mugukwirakwiza insinga na kabili, uruhu rwo kwigana, ibyapa, ibicuruzwa byaka, ibisenge, hamwe nibisabwa byinshi aho bisimbuza reberi.Izi nyungu zinyuranye, hamwe nibiranga nko kuramba, kudakongoka, kurwanya imiti na peteroli, gutekinika kumashanyarazi, no koroshya gutunganya no kubumba, byerekana ko PVC ikomeje guhitamo kandi gushimishije mubikorwa byinshi mubwubatsi nibikorwa remezo, ubuhinzi, ibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi , n'inganda zita ku buzima.Kubwibyo, PVC izakomeza kuba thermoplastique mugihe kirekire.
Kubera ko inganda zubaka zigira uruhare runini ku isoko rya PVC, icyifuzo cya PVC gihujwe cyane no kuzamuka kwa GDP ku isi ndetse no guteza imbere ubukungu.Ikoreshwa rya PVC rikunze kwibanda cyane mubukungu butera imbere muri Aziya, nk'umugabane w'Ubushinwa, Ubuhinde, Pakisitani, Vietnam, na Indoneziya.Abashoferi basanzwe bakoresha PVC ahantu hakenewe cyane harimo umubare munini wabaturage bafite ikirere gihamye cya politiki ikeneye amafaranga menshi mubikorwa remezo.Ikindi kintu ni ingano nintambwe yiterambere ryurwego rwubuhinzi bwigihugu.Urugero, Ubuhinde busaba uburyo bukomeye bwo kuhira imirima y’ubuhinzi bwabwo, bufite icyifuzo kinini kandi kirambye ku miyoboro ya PVC n’ibikoresho.Muri rusange, umuvuduko wubwiyongere uzaba woroheje mubukungu bwateye imbere kuko inyubako nibikorwa remezo bimaze gushingwa.
Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ikoreshwa rya PVC ku isi:
Inganda za vinyls numurenge ukuze ufite amateka maremare.Ikoranabuhanga, ingano yumusaruro, ikirere cyibidukikije, nigiciro, byateye imbere mugihe hamwe no kuzamura umutekano nubwiza bwibicuruzwa.Guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga bikomeje kugaragara kandi byibanda cyane cyane ku guhatanira ibiciro, kubera ko umusaruro wa vinyl ari ubucuruzi bw’isi yose, kandi ababikora bagomba guhatana haba mu turere twabo ndetse no ku isi yose.
Umusaruro wa PVC ukunze gushingira ku bworozi bwa Ethylene, usibye ku mugabane w'Ubushinwa, aho ibiryo bya acetylene byiganje.Mubikorwa bya Ethylene, EDC ikorwa na chlorine iturutse kuri chlorine na Ethylene.Muntambwe ikurikiraho, iracitse kugirango itange VCM.Umusaruro wa VCM utuma kandi irekurwa rya hydrogène hydrogène ikomoka ku bicuruzwa, ubusanzwe ikoreshwa neza kugira ngo itange EDC nyinshi na oxychlorine hamwe na etilene yiyongera.VCM noneho ihindurwa polymerisme kugirango itange PVC.Mubikorwa bya acetylene, ariko, nta ntambwe ya EDC irimo;ahubwo, VCM ikorwa biturutse kuri acetylene.Umugabane w'Ubushinwa ubu ni isoko ryonyine rifite ibikoresho bya PVC bishingiye kuri acetylene;icyakora, kubera ubunini bwinganda zo mubushinwa, inzira ya acetylene iracyafite igice kinini cyubushobozi bwa PVC kwisi yose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-07-2022